考生们在进行考研英语的考试时，需要把一些重要的语法考点掌握好。小编为大家精心准备了考研英语知识考点，欢迎大家前来阅读。
引导的宾语从句: that没有意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略：
I really feel she’s making a mistake. 我的确感到她正犯错误。
I suggested that we should go home. 我建议我们回家去。虚拟语气，that 一般不能省略。 her/if (是否)引导的宾语从句：如果要突出“究竟是…还是不…”，常在whether 后面加or not; if 一般不与or not连用。
Let me know whether you can come or not. 你能来还是不能来，告诉我一声。
3.在think, believe,suppose, expect 等动词的宾语从句中，否定不用在从句中，而是将think 等词变为否定形式。
I don’t think the film is interesting. 我觉得这部电影没什么意思。
I don’t suppose we are going outing tomorrow. 我认为我们明天不会出去郊游。
4.如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语，为了保持句子的平衡，用it 作形式宾语，而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的复合宾语的动词有：make, find, see, hear, feel, think, consider, regard, take… granted等。
George made it clear that he opposed thisproject. 乔治已明确表示他反对这个项目。it 代表that引导的句子，作宾语，clear 是宾语补足语。
They kept it quiet that he was dead. 对他已经死亡的消息，他们秘而不宣。
考研英语考点：各种承上启下关系所谓“承上启下”即承接上文，开启下文。该考点是英语考试必考点!其常见的三种形式如下所示：
一代词的承上启下
(一)常见代词：he/ she/ they/ it/ him/ her/ them/ his/ hers/ their/ one等
(二)识别标准：判断指代词的单复数、位置以及词性。
(三)举例子：
E.g. Tom is a good student. He would like to play football.(he主语、单数、名词，往前找，我们不难发现he= Tom。学生因为作补语，所以Tom 更加准确。)
E.g. Tom does not like cars, because they pollute the air. (they主语，复数，名词，往前找，Tom因为是单数，所以不符合还原要求，所以最终cars= they，符合句子逻辑要求。)
E.g. . ④That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. [题目中的the one= the difference]
二名词的承上启下
(一)常见形式：the/ such/ this/ that/ these/ those+n
(二)举例子：
E.g. Tom is a good student. The student would like to play football. (the +n往往表示第二次提到，所以该学生其实就是前面提到的a good student= Tom.)
E.g.
They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)—lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10∶30 a. m. [题目中的them= the sleepers= their= they]
[备注：held，原形hold，在此表示“预留”的意思。所以tickets held for the sleepers= thickets which were held for the sleepers为守夜排队者预留的票]
[注意：the+重复关键词/同词根不同形式的单词/同义词/上义词/词义更为广泛的或笼统的上义词]
三关联词的承上启下
(一)常见形式：also/ furthermore/ but/ however/ therefore/ then等词+上述两种形式一种。
(二)举例子：Everybody thinks Tom is stupid. Nobody thinks she is clever either.
四句法
(一)常见形式：即采用前置、省略、重复、被动语态，甚至排比等手段起到承上启下的纽带作用。有时为使句子与上文衔接把通常位于句中或句后的宾语、补语前置。
(二)举例子：
Mr. White fried two small pieces of fish. One of these he fed to his cat, the other he ate himself.
We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain.
考研英语必考知识点：被动语态的用法被动态的用法
1、不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者，这时就用被动语态。
I felt a littlie nervous when I was beinginterviewed. 我接受面试的时候，有点紧张。
These fighters are imported from Russia. 这些战斗机是从俄国进口的。
That place has been turned into a swimmingpool. 那个地方已被变成游泳池。
2、说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，也常用被动语态
He’ssaid/believed/reported to be in the U. S. A. 据说/据信/据报道他在美国。
常用句型(that后面跟句子)：
It is said that…….
It is reported that…….
It is hoped that…….
It is believed that…….
It is announced that…….
it is (well) known that…….
It has been decided that…….
It is supposed that…….
It is suggested that…….
It must be remembered that…….
It is taken for granted that…….
主动句变被动句
一：时态不能改变;二：变为被动语态后，谓语动词要和被动语态的主语在人称、数上保持一致。还要作如下变动：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;主动语态的主语放在by的后面，组成介词短语，再把这个介词短语放在被动语态的谓语动词之后。在动作的执行者无须说明或不必要强调时，by短语可以省略。
They will open a new supermarket theresoon.
A new supermarket will be opened theresoon.
Somebody has warned us to be careful ofrats.
We have been warned to be careful of rats.
如果主动语态有两个宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)，变为被动语态时，可将其中任何一个宾语变为主语，另一个不变。但较常见的是将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。
The reporters asked the president somequestions.
The president was asked some questions bythe reporters. (变间接宾语为主语)
Some questions were asked the president bythe reporters. (变直接宾语为主语)
情态动词被动态
句中含有情态动词时，其被动语态的结构是：情态动词+be+过去分词：
The timetable can be changed any time. 时间表随时可以改变。
This book may not be taken out of thereading room. 这本书不允许带出阅览室。
This dictionary must be taken good care of.这本词典必须保管好。
其他要点
1、有些动词形式上是主动，意义上是被动。
School begins in September. 学校九月份开学。
The library doesn’t open onSunday. 图书馆星期天不开放。
The machine runs well. 这台机器容易操作。
My pen writes well. 我的`钢笔好使。
The cloth washes well. 这料子耐洗。
The dictionary sells well. 这词典销路很好。
The door will not shut/lock. 门关/锁不上。
2、make, see, watch,hear, notice, feel等使役动词和感官动词的宾语后面可以接不带to的不定式作宾补。但在被动语态中，不定式符号to必须补上。
They made him go. 他们让他去。
He was made to go. 他被要求去了。
I heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我听见他向他的朋友说再见。
He was heard to say good-bye to hisfriends. 有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。
3、除助动词be外，动词get有时也可跟过去分词构成被动语态，是比较口语化的一种被动语态。这种结构中很少用by短语。
I got lost in the huge market. 在那个巨大的市场中我迷失了方向。
In the end this story got translated intoEnglish. 这故事最后被译成了英文。 His car got damaged in aroad accident. 他的车在交通事故中被毁了。
4、“have/get+宾语+过去分词”这个句型也表达了一种被动的意思。
I had my wallet stolen/lost last Sundaywhen I was shopping. 上星期天买东西的时候我的钱夹被盗。
I bought these books at a discount and hadtwo hundred dollars saved. 我打折买了这些书，省了两百美元。
5、在need, want, require后面，主动的-ing形式表达被动的意思：
our garden needs watering. (=…to bewatered) 你的花园需要浇水。
Does your suit require pressing, sir? 先生，您的衣服要烫吗?
