导语：关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。以下小编为大家介绍非谓语从句和定语从句文章，欢迎大家阅读参考!
非谓语从句
英语中的非是整个当中非常重要的部分，也是学生学习的一个难点。其实，我们可以从从句的角度来解释非，弄清非谓语动词与从句的关系，这样会使学生对非谓语动词有更好的了解，学习起来更容易。
I. v-ing 形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ing形式作主语可换成that引导的主语从句
Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French. That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.
Her being out of work was unexpected. That she was out of work was unexpected.
2. v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成that引导的宾语从句
I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that I have paid him for his work.
He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.
3. v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导的表语从句
Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that you depend too much on him.
The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.
4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句
We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which faces south.
The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.
5. v-ing形式作状语可换成相应状语从句
On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.
While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句，也可和with结构转换。
He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) left his daughter much money.
He died, with his daughter much money.
II. V-ed形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ed形式作定语可换成定语从句
The question discussed yesterday is very important. The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.
The boy lost in thought is my brother. The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.
2. v-ed形式作宾补可换成宾语从句
I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen. I found (that) the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.
3. v-ed形式作状语可换成状语从句
(If) heated, water will turn into steam. If it is heated, water will turn into steam.
Don't speak until spoken to. Don't speak until you are spoken to.
III. to do形式与从句的转换
1. to do形式作主语可转换成主语从句
When and where (for us) to hold the meeting is unknown yet. When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown yet.
They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire. It seemed that they were eating something cooked on the fire.
2. to do形式作宾语或宾补可换成宾语从句
I don't know what to do with the matter. I don't know that I should do with the matter.
I warned him not to drive the car after drinking. I warned that he should not drive the car after drinking.
3. to do形式作表语可换成表语从句
My wish is to become a pilot after graduation. My wish is that I can become a pilot after graduation.
My only worry was for her not to have enough experience in it. My only worry was that she have enough experience in it.
4. to do形式作定语可换成定语从句
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance. The meeting that / which will be held is of great importance.
He was the first to arrive and the last to leave. He was the first that arrived and the last that left.
5. to do形式作目的、结果、原因状语可转换成相应的状语从句
They started off early in order / so as to arrive in time. They started off early in order / so that they could arrive in time.
She was so excited as not to go to sleep. She was too excited to go to sleep.
She was so excited that she couldn't go to sleep.
定语从句
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语）
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的'含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例 如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句，在非正式文体中that常被省略（正式文体中不可省略），例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要 求用关系代词。例如：
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选 择关系副词。
例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
（对）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
