定语从句用who whom

引导的定语从句的用法 who、 whom 可以引导定语从句, 修饰表示人的先行词,那么,定语从句who whom怎样用?

定语从句用who whom

  1、关系代词引导的定语从句

1)who,whom,that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?(who/that在从句中作主语)

Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2)Whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同ofwhich互换),

例如:

Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.

3)which,that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.(which/that在句中作宾语)

Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.(which/that在句中作宾语)

关系代词that和which都可以指物,that和Who都可以指人,其用法区别:

1)不用that的情况

a)在引导非限定性定语从句时

(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.

b)介词后不能用

Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.

c)多用who的情况

①关系代词在从句中做主语

Afriendwhohelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.

②先行词为those,people时

Thosewhowereeitherfoolsorunfitfortheirofficescouldnotseethecloth.

③先行词为all,anyone,ones,one指人时

Onewhodoesn’tworkhardwillneversucceedinhiswork.

④在Therebe句型中

Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeyou.

⑤在被分隔的定语从句中

AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.

⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中,其一用who,其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时,后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。

Thestudentwhowaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorthatisverymodestandstudiesveryhard.

Thereisateacherwhoisalwaysreadytohelpothersandwhoenjoyswhathedoes.

2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a)在不定代词,如:anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.

Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.

b)先行词有theonly,thevery,thejust修饰时,只用that。

Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.

c)先行词为序数词(thelast)、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。.

ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas“ThePrinceandthePauper”byMarkTwin.

d)先行词既有人,又有物时。

Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathevisited.

e)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时,用that以避免重复。

Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate.

f)关系代词在从句中做表语

Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.

  2、关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间地点、方式或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

1)when,where,why,how

关系副词when,where,why,how的含义相当于"介词+which"结构,因此常常和"介词+which"结构交替使用,例如:

Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.

Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.

Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?

I’msurprisedthewayhow(bywhich)heworksouttheproblem.

注意:

①在非限制性定语从句中,"介词+which"结构不能代替关系副词。

如:Theysetupastatefortheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.

②含有介词短语的动词一般不能拆开,介词仍放在动词后面。

Isthisthebookwhich(that)shewaslookingfor?

  3、名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级+介词+关系代词引导定语从句

Shehaswrittenabook,thenameofwhichIhaveforgotten.

Therearefifty-fivestudentsinourclass,allofwhomareworkinghard.

Therearefivecontinentsintheworld,thelargestofwhichisAsia.

  4、as,which引导非限定性定语从句的差别:

由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首,which在句中。

Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.

Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.

as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'的`意思。

Asisknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.

用法区别:

(1)as引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。

Asweallknow,heneversmokes.

(2)as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。

(3)非限定性定语从句中出现expect,think,suppose等表示猜测、想象、预料等时。

Shesucceededinherdoingtheresearchwork,asweexpected.

(4)As的用法thesame…as;such…as中的as是一种固定结构,和……一样……。

Ishouldliketousethesametoolasisusedhere.

Weshouldhavesuchadictionaryasheisusing.

这个是复制来的,有点多

简单说呢就是who——人,whom——人的宾格(作宾语),that/which——事物