引导语：为了帮助大家更好地准备英语考研，以下是本站小编为大家整理的2018考研英语完形填空训练，欢迎阅读!
训练一
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best wordfrom each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.
Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow，coming __1__ gently，blowing gleefully in a high wind，all the while __2__ down a treacherous carpet，freezes the windows，__3__ the view. The might of automated man is__4__ . The horses，the powerful electrical systems，the deep-tread tires，all go __5__ nothing. One minute the road feels __6__，and the next the driver is sliding over it，light as a__7__，in a panic，wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up__8__the rear are going to do. The trucks are like __9__ when you have to pass them，not at sixty or seventy __10__ you do when the road is dry，but at twenty-five and thirty. __11__ their engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow，slush and__12__ of ice spray from beneath the wheels，obscure the windshield，and rattle __13__your car. Beneath the wheels there is plenty of __14__ for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch __15__ inch you move up，past the rear wheels，the center wheels，the cab，the front wheels，all__16__too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue，__17__ to cut over sharply would send you into a slip，__18__in front of the vehicle. At last，there is__19__enough，and you creep back over，in front of the truck now，but__20__the sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.
1. [A] up [B] off [C] down [D] on
2. [A] lies [B] lays [C] settles [D] sends
3. [A] blocks [B] strikes [C] puffs [D] cancels
4. [A] muted [B] discovered [C] doubled [D] undervalued
5. [A] for [B] with [C] into [D] from
6. [A] comfortable [B] weak [C] risky [D] firm
7. [A] loaf [B] feather [C] leaf [D] fog
8. [A] beneath [B] from [C] under [D] beyond
9. [A] dwarfs [B] giants [C] patients [D] princesses
10. [A] what [B] since [C] as [D] that
11. [A] So [B] But [C] Or [D] Then
12. [A] flakes [B] flocks [C] chips [D] cakes
13. [A] onto [B] against [C] off [D] along
14. [A] snow [B] earth [C] room [D] ice
15. [A] by [B] after [C] for [D] with
16. [A] climbing [B] crawling [C] winding [D] sliding
17. [A] meanwhile [B] unless [C] whereas [D] for
18. [A] sheer [B] mostly [C] rarely [D] right
19. [A] might [B] distance [C] air [D] power
20. [A] with [B] like [C] inside [D] upon
答案
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.A
总体分析
本文描述了在冰雪覆盖的路面上开车的经历。文章首句为主题句，概括了这种经历的特点是“令人非常紧张”。第二至四句分别介绍了下雪带来的隐患和机器变得没有多大用处。从第五句到文章最后则描述了在这种不利条件下和大卡车一同行驶的紧张经历。
全文翻译
在暴风雪中驱车长距离地行驶于冰雪覆盖的路面上是一种令人非常紧张的经历。矛盾的是雪一面轻轻地飘落，在强风中愉快地吹着，一面又不断地吹落可能带来危险的毯子，封冻窗户，挡住视线。机器的力量被减弱了。马、强有力的电子系统、深胎面的轮胎都毫无用处。一分钟前路面还很结实，下一分钟司机就在上面打滑，轻飘飘地，处于恐慌之中，想着从后面突然出现的笨重的挂了拖车的卡车会干出什么事情来。当你不得不开车经过这些卡车时，它们就像巨人一般。这时你行驶的速度不是当路面干燥时的60或70，而是25和30.并且它们的引擎听起来极其刺耳。雪、泥和冰渣滓从轮子下喷洒出来，使挡风玻璃变得模糊不清，然后格格作响地从车上掉下。卡车轮子下的空间很大，足以让你滑进去并被碾成肉酱。你一点点的往前挪动，经过卡车的后轮，中间的轮子，驾驶室，前轮，所有这一切都是极其缓慢地滑过去的。你继续笔直地往前开，因为突然超车抢道到卡车前面会使你的车滑倒，正好倒在大卡车的前面。最后终于和卡车有了一段距离了，你才慢慢地往后挪，挪到另外一车道上，现在你行使在卡车的前面了，但是引擎的声音仍然震耳欲聋。
训练二
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best wordfrom each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECDcountries，in particular，how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution，but__2__retirement could help.
Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal，but it is a socially__3__one，and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50 years，low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments，which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries，are__9__to rise，on average，by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today‘s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they__11__for.
Action is needed，__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__of public pensions，or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions within the system，though necessary steps，may be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment，many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely，the thinking goes，if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down，then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.
1.[A] unsolvable [B] additional [C] unsustainable [D] undue
2.[A] delaying [B] retaining [C] detaining [D] hindering
3.[A] ultimate [B] unattainable [C] specific [D] expensive
4.[A] substantial [B] essential [C] potential [D] controversial
5.[A] donating [B] sponsoring [C] subsidizing [D] funding
6.[A] outlook [B] outcome [C] outbreak [D] outset
7.[A] prolonging [B] expanding [C] soaring [D] rising
8.[A] in [B] on [C] by [D] for
9.[A] conceived [B] reckoned [C] expected [D] meant
10.[A] As [B] Such [C] So [D] It
11.[A] should pay [B] paying [C] be paid [D] would pay
12.[A] but [B] for [C] and [D] thus
13.[A] multitude [B] implementation [C] application [D] generosity
14.[A] exaggerate [B] augment [C] magnify [D] multiply
15.[A] insufficient [B] influential [C] inefficient [D] intrinsic
16.[A] advancing [B] previous [C] ahead [D] preceding
17.[A] suspensions [B] abundances [C] redundancies [D] discrepancies
18.[A] for [B] to [C] about [D] at
19.[A] turbulent [B] strenuous [C] compact [D] intricate
20.[A] dependency [B] fertility [C] present [D] mortality
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B
11.C 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.A 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C
总体分析
本文主要讨论了老龄化给经合组织国家现存养老体系带来的挑战。文章第一段指出老龄化给经合组织国家带来的挑战，并提出推迟退休可能对解决该问题有所帮助。第二段分析了早退休给养老体系带来的问题，即越来越多的人早退休而寿命延长，随着出生率的降低，就会有更多退休的人依靠更少工作的人来为他们养老，养老金在国家财政中所占的比例增加，成为无法承受的负担。第三段探讨了解决方法，指出仅仅减少公共养老金的数量，增加私有养老的比例是不够的，许多政府在考虑说服人们晚退休。
全文翻译
老龄化给经合组织国家，尤其是在如何支付未来的公共养老金负债方面，带来了严重的挑战。早退休给退休金的融资带来了难以承受的负担。没有什么简单的解决方案，但推迟退休可能有所帮助。
早退休可能看起来是个值得追求的个人目标，但对于社会来说却是昂贵的，它使当前的公共养老金系统难以持久。基本原因是更多的人退休早而寿命却更长。这意味着更多的退休人员要依赖在职者的资助作为收入。这一前景是令人担忧的。未来50年，经合组织国家的低出生率和预期寿命的增加将使这一老年依赖率提高大约一倍。占经合组织国家全部退休收入30%-80%的公共退休金的支出，在国内生产总值中的比例预期将平均增加超过三个百分点，而在有些国家甚至会增加八个百分点。养老基金的压力如此之大以至于现在的工人有得不到他们预期或认为应该得到的养老金的危险。
行动是必需的，但仅仅试图减少公共养老金的慷慨度或增加系统内私有养老金的作用，尽管是必要的，但在应对这种依赖挑战方面仍是不够的。前些年为了避免下岗及高失业，政府采取提前早退休的方案，而现在许多政府正考虑劝说人们晚点退休。当然，他们是这么想的，如果现在我们更加健康了、工作对体力的要求降低了、失业率也降低了，那么出席率可能也该重新上升了。
训练三
SectionⅠUse of English
Directions：
Read the following text. Choose the best wordfrom each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.
As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”，or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature. The jury，a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an__4__ part of our common-law system.
Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.__6__the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__，as many countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”，or discussions among a group of people，the jury‘s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right.
Juries are used in both civil cases，which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors，consisting of __16__ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury.
The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states，__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others，they are questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.
1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather
2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority
3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock
4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated
5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing
6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over
7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as
8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart
9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While
10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations
11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake
12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities
13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private
14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying
15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned
16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed
17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned
18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides
19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective
20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units
答案
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.C 8.B 9. B 10. A
11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B
总体分析
本文介绍了美国的陪审团制度。第一段指出，陪审团是美国共同法系统的基本组成部分。第二段分析了使用陪审团的原因。第三和四段分别介绍了陪审团的类型和选举程序。
全文翻译
美国的建国之父们作为大英帝国的前殖民者沿袭了其法律系统。我们有“共同法”，即由法庭而非君主或其他像立法机关这样的'中央政府权利机关制定的法律。陪审团由一群选来裁决案件的普通公民组成，是我们共同法系统基本的组成部分。
使用陪审团裁决案件是美国法律系统的一个显著特征。在世界上很少有其他国家和美国一样使用陪审团。几个世纪以来，许多人已经相信在大多数情况下陪审团比许多国家那样单独使用一位法官达成的结果更公平、公正。因为陪审团裁决案件是在一群人“审议”或讨论后，因此他们的决定可能受到不同背景的不同人的影响，这些人必须作为一个团体来决定什么是正确的。
陪审团既被用在裁决普通公民之间纠纷的民事案件中，也用在裁决政府提出讼诉声称个人犯罪的刑事案件中。陪审团成员从美国公民中选出并被传唤。由固定人数组成的陪审团在每一个需要陪审团的案件中都会被召唤。
被指派负责案件的法官监督陪审团成员的选举。在一些州，未来的陪审团成员由法官询问，而在另一些州，他们遵照州法律规定的法规接受代表各方当事人的律师的询问。
