who定语从句的注意事项

导语:who定语从句的注意事项有哪些呢?以下是小编为大家整理的文章,欢迎阅读!希望对大家有所帮助!

who定语从句的注意事项

一、 who引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。如:

The student who is answering the question is John. 正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。

Anybody who breaks the laws will be punished. 任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。

二、 who是主格,在定语从句中作主语,此时不能省略。如:

The person who was here yesterday is a musician. 昨天来这儿的'那个人是位音乐家。

但在非正式英语中,who亦可作宾语,且可以省略。如:

The man(who)I saw just now is Mr Li. 我刚才见到的那个人是李先生。

三、 在定语从句中,who在人称、数上和其前面的先行词保持一致。如:

Do you know the boy who is standing over there? 你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗?

四、 若先行词中既有人又有物,关系代词用that而不用who。如:

He watched the children and boxes that filled the car. 他看见了塞满汽车的孩子和箱子。

五、 若先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词修饰,关系代词用that而不用who。如:

Yao Ming is the best basketball player that I know. 姚明是我知道的最好的篮球运动员。

Tom is the first boy that left the room. 汤姆是第一个离开这个房间的男孩。

  定语从句知识:

定语从句在句中起形容词作用,它通常修饰它前面的名词或代词,即它的先行词(Antecedent)。

以下就定语从句的一些重点和难点作一些总结:

一、Which和that在定语从句中指代事物时,一般可互换使用,但在下列情况下通常用that而不用which。

1.当先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,much,few,little,none,the one等不定代词时,常用that引导定语从句。

例:All that can be done has been done.

所有能做的已经做了。

2. 先行词前有only,few,any,little,no,a11,every,very等词修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。

例:This is the very book that l want to read, 这就是我要读的那本书。

3. 先行词前面有序数词(first,second等)或形容词的最高形式对其修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。

例:This is the first letter that I’ve received from him since he left.

这是自他离开后我收到的他的第一封信。

4. 在并列的先行词中既有人又有物时,不能用who或whom,也不能用which,而要用that引导定语从句。

例:They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.

他们谈到了那些他们记起的在学校的人和事情。

5. 被修饰的成分在主句中是系动词be后面的表语,或关系词本身在定语从句中作表语时,常用that引导定语从句,或省略that。

例:She is no longer the sweet little girl that she used to be.

她再也不是过去的那个可爱的小姑娘了。

6. 主句以There be...开头时常用that引导定语从句。

例:There is a room in that building that is still free.

在那栋楼里有一间房还是空的。

7.主句是以who,which或what开头的特殊疑问句时,用that引导定语从句。

例:Who is the lady that is waiting at the school gate?

那位等在门口的女士是谁?

二、关系代词指代事物时,在下列情况下通常只用which而不用that引导定语从句。

1.在非限制性定语从句中,常用which引导定语从句。

例:I said nothing,which made my mother even more angry.

我什么都没说,这使得我母亲更加生气。

2.当先行词本身是that或是those且指物时。

例:Paul has found that which he lost yesterday.

保罗已找到了他昨天掉的东西。

3.当关系代词前面有介词时,常用which引导定语从句。

例:I like to live in the house,in front of which there is a tall pine tree.

我喜欢住在这房子里,门前有棵高高的松树。

三,关系代词指人时,在下列情况下通常只用who而不用that引导定语从句。

1.先行词是one,ones或anyone时。

例:Any one who leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights.

凡是最后离开教室的人都要关灯。

2.当先行词是人,后面有较长修饰语时。

例:Do you know the teacher in blue with a book in his hand who is standing at the gate?

你认识那位穿着蓝衣服、手里拿着一本书站在门口的老师吗?

3. 先行词为those或被those修饰时,常用who引导定语从句。

例:Those who like football can enter for the game.

凡是喜欢足球的人都可以报名参加比赛。

4. 在以There be开头的句子中,常用who引导定语从句。

例:There is a pretty girl who wants to see you.

有一位漂亮的姑娘她想见你。

5. 在非限制性定语从句中,常用who引导定语从句.

例:I met an old friend of mine in the street,who had just come from England.

我在街上遇到了我的一个好朋友,他刚从英国回来*

6. 当先行词是I,you,he,they等时(多用于谚语中)。

例:He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

不到长城非好汉。

7. 在介词前置时只用whom。

In the dark forest,there was not a single person to whom she coul